With over 90 researchers from various disciplines and areas of educational research in attendance, the Second International NEPS Conference took place at the Leibniz Institute for Educational Trajectories (LIfBi) in Bamberg on October 5 and 6, 2017. In addition to numerous presentations and discussions about current empirical findings, Dr. Fabian Ochsenfeld (formerly Goethe University Frankfurt, now University of Erlangen-Nuremberg) presented his paper based on data of Starting Cohort 5 (First-Year Students in Higher Education), which was honored with the NEPS Publication Award. The contribution selected by an interdisciplinary committee was published in 2016 in the journal Social Science Research (56, 117–132) under the title “Preferences, Constraints, and the Process of Sex Segregation in College Majors: A Choice Analysis”. The NEPS Publication Award, which was handed out for the second time, is endowed with €1,000 in prize money. The conference poster on “Habitus and Cultural Capital: Acquisition and Impact on Grades” presented by Frank Goßmann (LIfBi) was awarded €250. The conference closed with an exchange of experience between the users of NEPS data and colleagues from the Research Data Center LIfBi (RDC) about future improvements of the data and documentation services.